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The sonicated mixture was centrifuged at 7000rpm (8983 x G) for 30minK31 expressed as inclusion bodies were washed thrice with wash buffer (pH 7.5) containing 0.05M Tris-Cl, 5mM EDTA and 0.5% Triton-X100 to remove the cell debris. Ensure that the following items are present: All necessary files have been uploaded:Manuscript: Include keywords All figures (include relevant captions) All tables (including titles, description, footnotes) Ensure all figure and table citations in the text match the files providedGraphical Abstracts / Highlights files (where applicable)Supplemental files (where applicable). Data statement To foster transparency, we encourage you to state the availability of your data in your submission. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address. A MASCOT score greater than 67 is significant (p<0.05), whereas protein identification with scores lower than 67 are considered positive if they also showed a minimum of six matched peptides or a sequence coverage of over 20%. of Infectious Diseases, Taiwan, Taiwan, Acute Care General Hospital Carlos G Durand, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China, Richard R. Watkins, MD, MS, FACP, FIDSA, FISAC, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States of America, National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Ha Noi, Viet Nam, Resistance to Disinfectants, Microbicides and Biofilm, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, England, United Kingdom, Antimicrobial Resistance Detection and Diagnostics, Emory University Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma Italy, PK/PD Parameters and Prediction of Efficacy, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Surveillance Studies of Resistant Pathogens Affecting Humans Isolated from Different Hosts and Environments, Bacteriology,molecular epidemiology,antimicrobial resistance,MRSA,VRE, Area of expertise,Antimicrobial Resistance, Resistance and Spread in Animals, Environment and Food, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Germany, European Hospital Group Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Milano, Italy, Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy, INMI Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal, Universit degli Studi di Siena, Siena SI, Italy, State Serum Institute, Kbenhavn, Denmark, Medical parasitology, Trichinellosis, Neurocysticercosis, Echinococcosis, Immunoparasitology, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy, Ramn y Cajal Institute for Health Research, Madrid, Spain, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, South Korea, Bictre Hospital Bacteriology Hygiene, LE KREMLIN-BICETRE, France, University of Salerno Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry 'Salerno Medical School', Salerno, Italy, Academic Medical Centre Groningen Department of Medical Microbiology, Haren, Netherlands, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Pneumonia program, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Yonsei University Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, South Korea, International Medical University School of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, St George's University of London Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, London, United Kingdom, Tan Tock Seng Hospital Institute of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Singapore, Singapore, Graeme Nimmo, MBBS MSc MPH MD DLSHTM FRACP FASM, Pathology Queensland Laboratory of Royal Brisbane and Womens Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, University of Pavia Department of Clinical-Surgical Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, Pavia, Italy, Department of Infectious Diseases Parasitology and Immunology, Roma, Italy, The Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, Ottawa Hospital Civic Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Toho University Omori Medical Center Department of Infectious Diseases, Ota-Ku, Japan, Cepheid, Sunnyvale, California, United States of America, Polytechnic University of Marche Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Ancona, Italy, University of Genoa Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Genova, Italy, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium, Peking University People's Hospital Department of Clinical Laboratories, Beijing, China, McMaster University Michael G DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, National Cheng Kung University Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Tainan, Taiwan. Tables Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Klose D.P., Wallace B.A., Janes R.W. Informed consent and patient details Studies on patients or volunteers require ethics committee approval and informed consent, which should be documented in the paper. They should be no longer than 4000 words and 40 references (as above, please note that word count also excludes tables, figures and legends). 3b). Abstract A concise and factual abstract is required (maximum length 250 words). consistently. Please adhere strictly to the general instructions on style/arrangement and, in particular, the reference style of the journal. Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files. In order to allow us to create links to abstracting and indexing services, such as Scopus, Crossref and PubMed, please ensure that data provided in the references are correct. Russell Sambrook, J., Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 3rd edn. The alkali was washed out and the hairs were extended into straight configuration with the help of a comb. Two types of keratin compound the human hair. The structure of keratin K31 produced by I-TASSER was submitted to online secondary structure server (2Struc) for secondary structure prediction, which showed 64.7% -helices, 0.7% antiparallel -sheets, 15.7% beta turns and 15.1% random coils (Fig. Submission checklist You can use this list to carry out a final check of your submission before you send it to the journal for review. Please note that all authors should be listed when six or less; when seven or more, list only the first six and add 'et al.'. Hair, being one of the most important components of the beauty care processes, attracts the use of a variety of hair treating cosmetics. [. The CD was calibrated with 0.05M Tris-Cl (pH 7.5) before loading the sample. 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Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc. Sajjad M., Khan M.I.M., Akbar N.S., Ahmad S., Ali I., Akhtar M.W. The K31 treatment of the damaged hairs showed young modulus score of 12,256N/mm2, which is almost 2 fold higher as compared to that of the chemically damaged hair. The statement will appear with your published article on ScienceDirect. The ability of K31 to straighten the curly hair and repairing the chemically damaged hair was investigated. The authors gracefully acknowledge Ayesha aslam for providing curly hairs and Sana batool for providing hairs used in testing the mechanical properties of hair. The authors have declared no conflict of interest. Hair care and hair care products. All members of the Editorial Board have identified their affiliated institutions or organizations, along with the corresponding country or geographic region. To facilitate reproducibility and data reuse, this journal also encourages you to share your software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project. Do not embed 'graphically designed' equations or tables, but prepare these using the facility in Word or as a separate file in Excel. Langbein L., Rogers M.A., Praetzel-Wunder S., Bckler D., Schirmacher P., Schweizer J. Thus in this study E. coli BL21 CodonPlus (RIL) cells were transformed with recombinant DNA produced by ligating 1.2kb DNA fragment encoding K31 into pET-22b (+).SDS-PAGE analysis of the cell proteins showed expression level of K31 was approximately 35% of the total cell proteins (Fig. Diameter of the hairs before and after treatment with K31 was measured by inverted microscope (Nikon Eclipse TS 100). Keratin from chicken feather or other animal sources extracted using chemical methods, either in the intact form or its hydrolyzed product have been used in the commercial cosmetic products [1]. Sadaf S., Khan M.A., Akhtar M.W. AI631510 , AI631511 , AI632198 , and BF223228 ), a B-cell tumour from a chronic lymphatic leukaemia (GenBank accession no. Video and animation files supplied will be published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect. If no funding has been provided for the research, it is recommended to include the following sentence: Units Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). Use of inclusive language Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. (b) 3-D structure of keratin K31 obtained through molecular modeling. Submitted supplementary items are published exactly as they are received (Excel or PowerPoint files will appear as such online). Studier F.W. Please supply 'stills' with your files: you can choose any frame from the video or animation or make a separate image. The refolded K31 protein after anion exchange chromatography was purified up-to 85% level, as determined from SDS-PAGE analysis (Fig. Color artwork Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF) or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. Barba C., Mart M., Roddick-Lanzilotta A., Manich A., Carilla J., Parra J.L., Coderch L. Effect of wool keratin proteins and peptides on hair water sorption kinetics. Further information can be found on the artwork instructions page. JGAR will be happy to consider papers of veterinary origin as long as there is some linkage of the scientific work back to human antibiotic use. 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Embed the used fonts if the application provides that option. E. coli DH5 was used for cloning and vector propagation and E. coli BL21 CodonPlus (RIL) was used for the gene expression. The expressed protein was refolded and purified by FPLC using an anion-exchange column. Most hair cosmetic products and hair treatments initially affect the cuticle, changing the appearance, softness and even texture of hair [10]. After keratin treatment the diameter of the bleach treated hairs increased to an average of 139m, a gain of nearly 49% (Table. Please clearly indicate the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author and check that all names are accurately spelled. Using citation plug-ins from these products, authors only need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article, after which citations and bibliographies will be automatically formatted in the journal's style. 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Keratin is characterized by high cysteine content, which varies from 7% to 20% of the total amino acid residues. Increased smoothness of the hair surfaces should make a significant contribution in not only improving their look but also in eliminating entanglement, if any, more easily. A clinical trial is defined as any research study that prospectively assigns human participants or groups of humans to one or more health-related interventions to evaluate the effects of health outcomes. Cookie Notice Tables can be placed either next to the relevant text in the article, or on separate page(s) at the end. Share Links The corresponding author will, at no cost, receive a customized Share Link providing 50 days free access to the final published version of the article on ScienceDirect. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Please note the format of such citations should be in the same style as all other references in the paper. 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The text should be no more than 800 words; there should be a maximum of 5 references and one table or figure may be included. Tensile strength of the naturally damaged and the bleach-treated hair showed marked improvement after keratin treatment. Here you will find everything from Frequently Asked Questions to ways to get in touch.You can also check the status of your submitted article or find out when your accepted article will be published. If you have any problems submitting your paper through this system, please contact the Editorial Office on: e-mail: jgar@elsevier.com; tel: +44 (0)1865 843270; fax: +44 (0)1865 843992. Type the reference list with double spacing on a separate sheet. Both the naturally damaged hair and those partially damaged by bleach treatment showed gain in their diameter after keratin treatment. Do not prepare tables in Powerpoint. Data references This journal encourages you to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference List. 3a). the display of certain parts of an article in other eReaders. LB medium was used for growth of E. coli cells as initial culture. Unless you have written permission from the patient (or, where applicable, the next of kin), the personal details of any patient included in any part of the article and in any supplementary materials (including all illustrations and videos) must be removed before submission. Hydrolyzed keratin peptides isolated from wool or chicken feathers have been used mostly in hair treatment [[25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31]]. Submission declaration and verification Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture or academic thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. 1. However, our study shows that bleaching decreases the strength as well as the diameter of the hair and this strength and diameter is regained and increased after treatment with intact keratin K31, produced in E. coli. Please make a list of such codes and provide a key. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text). Biotechnology and Bioengineering 2018, 115, (7), 1675-1684. MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy showed the characteristics expected for human K31 keratin. [1,2]. While the Editor considers the request, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. This would allow induction of the expression system, resulting in heterologous expression of the recombinant protein [27]. Keratin K31 when analyzed by CD spectrum at 37C showed a positive peak at 193nm and 2 negative peaks at 212nm and 223nm (Fig. The environment is similar to MS Word: in addition to editing text, you can also comment on figures/tables and answer questions from the Copy Editor. Preferred file types: TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files. Number them consecutively throughout the article. The washed inclusion bodies were solubilized in a solution containing 1M urea and 2mM DTT in 0.05M Tris buffer (pH 12.0). You can view Example Graphical Abstracts on our information site. If the manuscript has already been published in an online issue, any requests approved by the Editor will result in a corrigendum. 1). Please switch off the 'Track Changes' option in Microsoft Office files as these will appear in the published version. Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. Franbourg A., Hallegot P., Baltenneck F., Toutaina C., Leroy F. Current research on ethnic hair. Here are the reasons why: Coconut oil is heavy. You may switch to Article in classic view. Cookie Settings, Terms and Conditions Cookie Settings, Terms and ConditionsPrivacy PolicyCookie NoticeSitemap. The Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance (JGAR) is a quarterly online Open Access journal run by an international Editorial Board that focuses on the global spread of antibiotic-resistant microbes. Number the pages. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, reference to dominant culture and/or cultural assumptions. Authors who have video or animation files that they wish to submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include links to these within the body of the article. Type I acidic keratins are characterized by a large number of cysteine as well as proline residues [5]. The proteomics of keratin proteins. Hair fibers have three basic morphological components [6], which are cuticle [7], cortex [8], and medulla [9]. The recombinant cloning vector pEX-K was double digested with NdeI and EcoRI and ligated into linearized pET-22b (+) using T4 DNA ligase followed by transformation initially into E. coli DH5 cells using the standard protocol [16]. More information on how to remove field codes from different reference management software. Copyright 2022 Elsevier, except certain content provided by third parties, Cookies are used by this site. The inoculum was prepared by cultivation of the selected transformant in LB broth containing 100g ml1 ampicillin to an OD600 1.0. The rod domain (blue) shown is largely -helices, while. The hairs were then placed in 30ml K31 solution for 1h followed by washing with 0.1M acetic acid solution. Please have a look at the examples here: example Highlights. M: size marker, 1: uninduced cells; 2: induced cells; 3: cell lysate supernatant; 4: cell lysate pellet; 5: washed inclusion bodies; 6: washings; 7: refolded keratin K31. Commercially used keratins are isolated from wool or chicken feathers. Do not include footnotes in the Reference list. MirandaVilela A., Botelho A., Muehlmann L. An overview of chemical straightening of human hair: technical aspects, potential risks to hair fibre and health and legal issues. The untreated hair sample selected for tensile properties showed Youngs modulus 10,486N/mm2, which was reduced to 6595N/mm2 after the chemical treatment. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible. Author names and affiliations. Hot topics: These tend to be invited papers but unsolicited Hot topics are welcome. Hair thickness, Youngs modulus, and breaking force values for the undamaged, chemically damaged and the keratin treated hairs. Do not allow your computer to introduce word splits and do not use a 'justified' layout. Swift J. As the medium have both glucose and lactose as carbon sources, E. coli shall utilize glucose first through carbon catabolite repression mechanism until it is exhausted followed by utilization of lactose as the carbon source [26]. Artwork Photographs should be presented as high quality jpg (jpeg) or tiff files with high contrast. aSchool of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, bInstitute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. The objective of this study was to produce recombinant K31 in a native form and study its role in the treatment of naturally and chemically damaged hairs. In the final version of the printed article, the accession number text will not appear bold or underlined. CD5 molecule-like and transthyretin as putative biomarkers of chronic myeloid leukemia-an insight from the proteomic analysis of human plasma.

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