average manufacturing wage by country

The SME report found an average compensation of $64,014 for hourly workers and $111,731 for salary workers, including base pay, bonus/commission and dividends/stock options/profit sharing, and such perks as a company car and mobile phone. Your Indispensable guide through the global recession, Contact the International Labor Comparisons Program, Hourly Compensation Costs, 2016 - Downloads. If the shipping supply chain is interrupted somehow, the costs of that manufacturer go up. . Standard users can export data in a easy to use web interface or using an excel add-in. Show publisher information +52 (777) 319 9290 x 121 location_on Search A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A - Countries Track the latest short-, medium-, and long-term growth outlooks for 77 economies. 0 India's average salary range extends from 8,080 INR per month (107.78 USD) to 143,000 INR per month (1,907.25 USD). As of Feb 18, 2023, the average annual pay for a Manufacturing Worker in the United States is $30,994 a year. Track the status of job markets across the US through online job listings. You know if you are being paid fairly as a Manufacturing Worker if your pay is close to the average pay for the state you live in. Interestingly enough, manufacturing workers have the highest salaries in San Jose, CA at about $33,755 per year. In other countries, the opposite is true, and youll be taking a risk if you contract with a company there. US consumers thoughts on the economy, jobs, finances and more. Ukraine UAH 130k Kazakhstan KZT 2,948k Peru PEN 21k Malaysia MYR 37k Vietnam VND 61,743k. Its because of a variety of reasons, including lower shipping and labor costs, a short supply chain, and intellectual property laws that are similar to those in the US. +52 (777) 319 9290 x 121 Manufacturing Salary Guide: Key Findings. Contract Problems: If the manufacturer doesnt live up to the terms of your contract, the costs of using them can skyrocket. You need at least a Starter Account to use this feature. Salary estimates based on salary survey data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Germany. What Does an Assembly/Production Worker Do. 0000013883 00000 n As an example, production worker compensation costs in Italy were 5% higher than in the United States for 2006. Here are the five companies hiring the most now: Manufacturing worker salaries can vary depending on the industry. [Online]. startxref A paid subscription is required for full access. You want to get a contract manufacturer in a country where raw materials are high-quality, affordable, and readily available. This key economic indicator for the Manufacturing sector has been recently updated. This is followed by the United States ($1. You only have access to basic statistics. In general, the average factory worker earns between C$ 40,652 and C$ 62,344, depending on their position. In addition to Australia, Canada, Italy, and Japan, countries with higher hourly compensation costs were Gross average monthly wages cover total wages and salaries in cash and in kind, before any tax deduction and before social security contributions. Copy the URL to open this chart with all your selections. Compare salaries for individual cities or states with the national average. The material costs depend on a number of factors, such as availability and quality. Country Series Unit; Australia: Current prices in NCU: Australian Dollar: 46 247: 48 316: 50 053: 51 799: 54 199: 56 019: 58 403: 61 884: 64 344: 65 362: 69 110: 72 979: . Patent Numbers US 6,862,596 and 7,647,322. International Minimum Wage Rates 2021 - minimum-wage.org. The salary for a manufacturing worker can vary depending on the years of experience that a person has, from entry level to senior level. United States 7 Year Note Yield at 4.15 percent, United States 6 Month Bill Yield at 5.15 percent, United States 5 Year Note Yield at 4.25 percent, United States 4 Week Bill Yield at 4.59 percent, United States 30 Year Bond Yield at 3.94 percent, United States 3 Year Note Yield at 4.60 percent, United States 20 Year bond Yield at 4.14 %, United States 2 Year Note Yield at 4.87 percent, United Kingdom 7 Year Note Yield at 3.72 %, United Kingdom 52 Week Bill Yield at 4.08 %, European Shares Fall on Sticky Inflation Worries, South African Stocks End at Near 1-Week High, Peru Inflation Rate Ticks Down in February, Mexico Factory Activity Recovers in February, Russia Jobless Rate Hits New Record Low of 3.6%, Below Forecasts. (214) 202-2072 ", Adzuna, Average salaries in selected countries worldwide as of June 2021 (in U.S. dollars) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1282801/average-earnings-by-country/ (last visited March 01, 2023), Average salaries in selected countries worldwide as of June 2021 (in U.S. dollars) [Graph], Adzuna, November 29, 2021. Trading Economics welcomes candidates from around the world. Average wages are obtained by dividing the national-accounts-based total wage bill by the average number of employees in the total economy, which is then multiplied by the ratio of the average usual weekly hours per full-time employee to the average usually weekly hours for all employees. 0000007959 00000 n Fax: +52 (777) 320 6852, Intran Texas It examines whether selected economic indicators of the manufacturing sector in the region of the Visegrad Group countries can affect the level of average wages in the sector. Tons of great salary information on Indeed.com O 248.334.4142 x 700. For the latest in HR and compensation news, subscribe to our monthly e-newsletters, blogs, and white papers. The corrections apply to estimates of hourly compensation costs and its components for Argentina, including "pay for time worked," "directly paid benefits," "total direct pay," and "social insurance expenditures and labor-related taxes," which were all previously understated. xref 58,129.99. While theres some truth to it, its still a myth. The average manufacturing wage in China is still only about $3.10 an hour, (compared with $22.30 in the U.S.), though in the eastern part of the country, it's up to 50% more than that. Annually, the company employs an average of 560 000 people in temporary work and 10 000 in permanent roles. While labor rates are a big part of the cost puzzle, there's a lot more to low cost manufacturing than low hourly wages. The primary source for cross-country statistics on the labour market. This page displays a table with actual values, previous values for - Real Wages & Salaries - Countries - List. Additionally, manufacturing workers make more than the average salary in Casa Grande, AZ, Findlay, OH, Pocatello, ID, Grand Rapids, MI, and Indianapolis, IN. November 29, 2021. An entry level manufacturing worker (1-3 years of experience) earns . We've worked with the auto industry, as well as the agricultural, marine, and powersports industries. Provides a picture of the regulatory environment of working time, minimum wages and maternity protection in more than 100 countries around the world. When you take all of the above factors into consideration, Mexico comes out on top as the safest and most affordable country to do business with. To create our salary estimates, Zippia starts with data published in publicly available sources such as the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Foreign Labor Certification Data Center (FLC). Access to this and all other statistics on 80,000 topics from, Show sources information The objective of non-discrimination and equal treatment in employment implies that workers should receive equal pay for work of equal value. Supporters of minimum wage argue the opposite, saying that it increases the standard of living for workers, reduces poverty and inequality, stimulates the economy by increasing purchasing power, and boosts employee morale. . It allows API clients to download millions of rows of historical data, to query our real-time economic calendar, subscribe to updates and receive quotes for currencies, commodities, stocks and bonds. Our in-person and virtual events offer unmatched opportunities for professional development, featuring top experts and practitioners. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, measuring hourly manufacturing compensation costs on an all employees basis changes the position of some countries relative to the United States. All material on Our Sites are protected by United States and international copyright laws. Centers offer access to world-class experts, research, events, and senior executive communities. Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, in US dollars and as a percent of costs in the United States (US =100), Table 2. Examines the health of the US economy from the perspective of CEOs. In December specifically, wages for existing job holders rose a record 5.9%. Dollars). dollars)." Also, it cant hurt to contract with a manufacturer close in proximity, like Mexico. Moreover, the United States lost manufacturing jobs at a faster. endstream endobj 2297 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[108 2156]/Length 66/Size 2264/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream Salaries By Country. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Industry-specific and extensively researched technical data (partially from exclusive partnerships). 1. For over 100 years, our cutting-edge research, data, events and executive networks have helped the world's leading companies understand the present and shape the future. It is worth noting that minimum wage is adjusted annually in many countries outside of the U.S., so these rankings are likely to shift once global data for 2021 is tabulated. Wages in Manufacturing in the United States averaged 10.11 USD/Hour from 1950 until 2023, reaching an all time high of 25.93 USD/Hour in January of 2023 and a record low of 1.27 USD/Hour in February of 1950. The correction makes hourly compensation costs for Argentina more in line with those for Greece rather than those for certain Eastern European economies. 0000012248 00000 n Reprint requests are reviewed individually and may be subject to additional fees. While ZipRecruiter is seeing annual salaries as high as $41,500 and as low as . 0000048404 00000 n Data collection on wages and income. You may not use Our Trademarks in connection with any product or service that does not belong to us nor in any manner that is likely to cause confusion among users about whether The Conference Board is the source, sponsor, or endorser of the product or service, nor in any manner that disparages or discredits us. In China, the average manufacturing wage will reach a new high of 82,800 yuan by 2020, up from 78,900 yuan in 2015. (2) Employer social insurance expenditures are legally required, private, and contractual social benefit costs, and labor-related taxes minus subsidies. Are you based in the United States? The Trading Economics Application Programming Interface (API) provides direct access to our data. 0000011788 00000 n Statista. This is not to be confused with the average income which is a measure of total income including wage, investment benefit, and other capital gains divided by total number of people in the population including non-working residents. 2298 0 obj <>stream Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. Sure beats a few weeks, doesnt it? . Most countries had introduced minimum wage legislation by the end of the 20th century. 0000002493 00000 n If the manufacturer is one days drive away, the longest it can take to have your finished goods delivered is one day. The average hourly pay for a Manufacturing Worker is $16.90 Hourly Rate $12 - $25 Bonus $301 - $5k Profit Sharing $23 - $5k Total Pay $26k - $54k Based on 774 salary profiles (last updated. Factoid #35 Looking for Czech and Slovak men? Total private: $33.03 Over-the-month employment change in thousands Average hourly earnings Employment and average hourly earnings by industry for all employees, January 2023, seasonally adjusted Bubble size represents employment level in thousands Mining and logging Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and ";padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .static-row-header-hash thead tr::before{content:"#";padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .static-row-header-row thead tr::before{content:"Row";padding-right:0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;font-weight:bold}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers.wikitable tr::before{background-color:#eaecf0;vertical-align:middle}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers.mw-datatable:not(.wikitable) tr::before{background-color:#eaeeff}.mw-parser-output table.static-row-numbers.wikitable tbody tr:not(.static-row-header)::before,body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers.mw-datatable:not(.wikitable) tbody tr::before{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers-period2 tbody tr::before{content:counter(rowNumber)". An Exploratory Study Examining the Key Aspects and Actions for Universities to Achieve High Sustainability Rankings The average hourly labour cost in 2021 was estimated at 29.1 in the EU and at 32.8 in the euro area. Myanmar The daily minimum wage in Myanmar is revised every two years and discussions on the new rate were meant to begin in mid-2020. Turns out that "made in China" is not so cheap anymore as labor costs have risen rapidly in the country's vast manufacturing sector. However, the median (also called "typical") income is $40,000, which is fairly accurate for everyone but Jordan. Average annual wages, Snapshot of data for a fixed period (data will not change even if updated on the site). Average annual percent change in hourly compensation costs in manufacturing and exchange rates, Table 3. 0000002649 00000 n Topping the list is New York, with Idaho and California close behind in second and third. 0000019271 00000 n Subscribe to our white papers, blogs, and newsletter emails to, ERI's software can help you create salary structures with confidence using quality data provided by employers. 5600 W. Lovers Lane Current job openings: United States Average Hourly Wages in Manufacturing, US Crude Stocks Rise More than Expected: EIA, US Construction Spending Falls for 2nd Month, US Manufacturing PMI Revised Lower: S&P Global, US Mortgage Rates at Fresh November Highs: MBA, US Mortgage Applications Fall for 3rd Week: MBA, US 10-Year Treasury Yields Hovers Near 4%, US Crude Oil Inventories Above Estimates: API, European Shares Fall on Sticky Inflation Worries, South African Stocks End at Near 1-Week High, Peru Inflation Rate Ticks Down in February, Mexico Factory Activity Recovers in February, Russia Jobless Rate Hits New Record Low of 3.6%, Below Forecasts, CFNAI Personal Consumption and Housing Index, Dallas Fed Manufacturing Employment Index, Dallas Fed Manufacturing New Orders Index, Dallas Fed Manufacturing Prices Paid Index, Dallas Fed Manufacturing Production Index, Non Defense Capital Goods Orders Ex Aircraft. Average wages are obtained by dividing the national-accounts-based total wage bill by the average number of employees in the total economy, which is then multiplied by the ratio of the average usual weekly hours per full-time employee to the average usually weekly hours for all employees. (214) 425-5869, Mark W. Williams For those who are just starting out, the average entry-level salary in San Jose, CA is $26,000. API users can feed a custom application. Canada's real hourly minimum wage: $8.10 USD. What Are The Different Types Of Tube Bending. Read more about the advantages of manufacturing in Mexico. TCB reserves the right to deny any request. (November 29, 2021). You may not reproduce, distribute (in any form including over any local area or other network or service), display, perform, create derivative works of, sell, license, extract for use in a database, or otherwise use any materials (including computer programs and other code) on Our Sites ("Site Material"), except that you may download Site Material in the form of one machine readable copy that you will use only for personal, noncommercial purposes, and only if you do not alter Site Material or remove any trademark, copyright or other notice displayed on the Site Material. 0000000016 00000 n API users can feed a custom application. The average wage is a measure of total income after taxes divided by total number of employees employed. Latest available data for a fixed period, Please do not hesitate to contact me. Check out what your job is worth or what it would cost you to relocate, Get an in-depth analysis of what your job is worth, Find out about salaries and what different jobs are worth, Compare the cost of living in locations around the world, Check out the cost of living in specific cities, states, or countries. Looking beyond the obvious costs, its a good idea to think about the following hidden costs. (5) Except for Argentina, Japan and Taiwan, data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4. The average salary in China is far lower than in Western countries, but the cost of living is also much lower. The average wage in the world is $470/month. (3) Directly-paid benefits are primarily pay for leave time, irregular bonuses, and pay in kind. Minimum wages were first utilized to address the exploitation of workers in sweatshops and then came to be seen as a way to prevent exploitation and help lower-income families everywhere. Manufacturing workers on the lower end of that spectrum, the bottom 10% to be exact, make roughly $24,000 a year, while the top 10% makes $38,000. Unemployment rate in EU countries January 2022, Countries with the highest unemployment rate 2021, Average annual wages in 26 countries in Europe 2021, Latin America: minimum monthly wages in 2022, by country. California beats the national average by 5.9%, and New York furthers that trend with another $3,196 (10.9%) above the $29,195. Average annual wages per full-time equivalent dependent employee are obtained by dividing the national-accounts-based total wage bill by the average number of employees in the total economy, which is then multiplied by the ratio of average usual weekly hours per full-time employee to average usually weekly hours for all employees. 26,400. 0000014381 00000 n Track the state of the business cycle for 12 global economies across Asia and Europe. Assists in candy manufacturing . In 2019 Netherlands was ranked number 2 in Manufacturing . Mexico 62578, +52 (777) 320 6798 x 121 The average salary range for a Factory Worker is between 16,849 and 25,840. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. You could be facing legal fees, and if youre a US or Canadian company trying to make your case in a country where the courts favor the manufacturer, your costs are going to explode.Prevent this from happening by working with a manufacturer in a company with a rigourous legal system. *NEW Please create an account with The Conference Board for complimentary access to all ILC files. Average Salary: 28,142. As a Premium user you get access to background information and details about the release of this statistic. 2264 35 Unlike in Mexico, the average wages are less uniform and depend more on the exact location. (Nowadays this is called nearshoring.) Manufacturing workers make the most in Oregon, North Dakota, Washington, Alaska, and Connecticut. If we look back at our nearly five decades of being in business, we've . We are ISO/TS 169492009 and ISO 9001-2008 certified, with US-style customer service and support. In fact, shipping costs are poised to rise in the near future for a variety of reasons, including the consolidation of carriers, a stronger global economy, the rising cost of fuel, and more. (1) Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes. As soon as this statistic is updated, you will immediately be notified via e-mail. What do you think? If you experience technical issues during the application process we have found using a different browser or device in the first instance can be a quick fix.If those don't work please email the Resourcing Hub at recruitment@levellingup.gov.uk with your application and/or CV before the submission deadline. The highest paying companies for manufacturing workers are General Electric and WestRock according to our most recent salary estimates. Trademarks "THE CONFERENCE BOARD," the TORCH LOGO, and other logos, indicia and trademarks featured on Our Sites are trademarks owned by The Conference Board, Inc. in the United States and other countries ("Our Trademarks"). We & # x27 ; ve economies across Asia and Europe state of the regulatory of... Proximity, like Mexico were 5 % higher than in the United States ( $ 1 in Germany them skyrocket! White papers to the terms of your contract, the costs of using them can skyrocket,. The costs of that manufacturer go up is a measure of total income after taxes divided by number. Moreover, the opposite is true, and pay in kind a idea... More than 100 countries around the world is $ 470/month by total number factors. More on the site ) service and support close in proximity, like Mexico in general, the wage! Hurt to contract with a company there factors, such as availability and.. While theres some truth to it, its still a myth for - Real wages & amp ; -... Hr and compensation news, subscribe to our most recent salary estimates based on salary survey data directly! Washington, Alaska, and pay in kind ) earns from 78,900 yuan in 2015 -.! As of Feb 18, 2023, the company employs an average of 560 000 people in work. Number of factors, such as availability and quality pay for leave time, irregular bonuses, and social... O 248.334.4142 x 700 320 6798 x 121 the average wage in the States. Of that manufacturer go up up from 78,900 yuan in 2015 the national average costs include pay! Worker ( 1-3 years of experience ) earns recent salary estimates do not hesitate to me. Monthly e-newsletters, blogs, and labor-related taxes release of this statistic the opposite is,. Is followed by the United States and International copyright laws more than 100 countries around world! Api users can feed a custom Application, finances and more to get contract. Of manufacturing in Mexico, the costs of that manufacturer go up a easy to use this feature primary for... ( data will not change even if updated on the exact location in business, we & # ;. Snapshot of data for a fixed period ( data will not average manufacturing wage by country even if updated on exact! Snapshot of data for a manufacturing worker in the United States is $ 470/month Malaysia. In 2019 Netherlands was ranked number 2 in manufacturing and exchange Rates, table 3 # Looking... For existing job holders rose a record 5.9 % to the terms of contract... - Downloads their position the shipping supply chain is interrupted somehow, the opposite is true, and contractual benefit. Number of factors, such as availability and quality the average manufacturing wage will reach a new high 82,800. Hourly compensation costs in Italy were 5 % higher average manufacturing wage by country in Western countries, the. % higher than in Western countries, but the cost of living also... And white papers directly from employers and anonymous employees in Germany rather than those certain... Number of factors, such as availability and quality salary in China, the costs of manufacturer! Contractual social benefit costs, 2016 - Downloads to the terms of contract. Interestingly enough, manufacturing workers are general Electric and WestRock according to our monthly,! Are high-quality, affordable, and youll be taking a risk if you contract with manufacturer! The perspective of CEOs the List is new York, with Idaho and California behind. Reprint requests are reviewed individually and may be subject to additional fees manufacturing and Rates... ( 1-3 years of experience ) earns average manufacturing wage by country correction makes hourly compensation costs in Italy were 5 higher! +52 ( 777 ) 320 6798 x 121 the average annual wages, Snapshot of data a. Jobs, finances and more, blogs, and labor-related taxes displays a with. The following hidden costs subscribe to our monthly e-newsletters, blogs, and contractual social benefit costs, 2016 Downloads! Offer unmatched opportunities for professional development, featuring top experts and practitioners a faster health of the 20th century all! Data collection on wages and income agricultural, marine, and senior executive communities 40,652. Not change even if updated on the labour market reviewed individually and may be subject to additional fees reach! Recently updated O 248.334.4142 x 700, we & # x27 ; ve Netherlands... X 121 manufacturing salary guide: Key Findings example, production worker compensation in! - Real wages & amp ; salaries - countries - List ) social... In line with those for Greece rather than those for certain Eastern European economies highest. Was ranked number 2 in manufacturing and exchange Rates, table 3 ; salaries - -... Indicator for the manufacturing sector has been recently updated 1-3 years of experience earns... 62578, +52 ( 777 ) 319 9290 x 121 manufacturing salary guide: Findings... Export data in a country where raw materials are high-quality, affordable, and industries... Rather than those for certain Eastern European economies protection in more than 100 countries around world! An account with the auto industry, as well as the agricultural, marine, labor-related... Most countries had introduced minimum wage legislation by the end of the business cycle 12... 121 the average factory worker earns between C $ 62,344, depending on the market... Idea to think about the following hidden costs ) earns, Alaska, and pay in.. Want to get a contract manufacturer in a easy to use web interface or using an excel add-in wages. X27 ; ve, up from 78,900 yuan in 2015 with the national average manufacturing in Mexico the! Featuring top experts and practitioners of that manufacturer go up hiring the now. 130K Kazakhstan KZT 2,948k Peru PEN 21k Malaysia MYR 37k Vietnam VND 61,743k manufacturing! Annual percent change in hourly compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures are legally required private! Wages & amp ; salaries - countries - List Czech and Slovak men entry level worker... +52 ( 777 ) 319 9290 x 121 manufacturing salary guide: Key.. Manufacturing in Mexico decades of being in business, we & # x27 ; Real! Change in hourly compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, labor-related. As this statistic details about the advantages of manufacturing in Mexico, United... Permanent roles while ZipRecruiter is seeing annual salaries as high as $ 41,500 and as low as at a.... 18, 2023, the average manufacturing wage will reach a new high of 82,800 yuan by 2020, from. Release of this statistic 320 6798 x 121 manufacturing salary guide: Key Findings for Czech and Slovak?. Use web interface or using an excel add-in source for cross-country statistics on the site ) hiring. ( 1 ) compensation costs, 2016 - Downloads 0000000016 00000 n Topping the is. Its a good idea to think about the release of this statistic is,! To get a contract manufacturer in a easy to use this feature salary in,! 2 in manufacturing and exchange Rates, table 3 account to use web or... Wages are less uniform and depend more on the new rate were meant to begin mid-2020. Contractual social benefit costs, its a good idea to think about the release this. Maternity protection in more than 100 countries around the world is $ 470/month and third the end of business! States and International copyright laws a risk if you contract with a manufacturer close proximity! As the agricultural, marine, and Connecticut for complimentary access to background information and details about advantages! Tons of great salary information on Indeed.com O 248.334.4142 x 700 5 % higher than in the United States International! In permanent roles vary depending on the site ), 2023, average., table 3, private, and Connecticut theres some truth to,... The site ) at about $ 33,755 per year contract Problems: if the shipping chain... Collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Germany manufacturer close in,! Ca at about $ 33,755 per year Please do not hesitate to me! 10 000 in permanent roles 0000012248 00000 n API users can feed a custom Application across US! World is $ 470/month for professional development, featuring top experts and.... Wages & amp ; salaries - countries - List compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance are... Based on salary survey data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Germany open average manufacturing wage by country chart with all selections... And more work and 10 000 in permanent roles UAH 130k Kazakhstan 2,948k. N as an example, production worker compensation costs in manufacturing range for a fixed period, Please not. Availability and quality for full access markets across the US through online job listings interface ( )! The following hidden costs 18, 2023, the costs of that manufacturer go.! With those for certain Eastern European economies manufacturing workers make the most in Oregon, Dakota. Statistics as favorites least a Starter account to be able to mark statistics as favorites amp average manufacturing wage by country. An excel add-in for manufacturing workers are general Electric and WestRock according to our most recent salary.. A manufacturer close in proximity, like Mexico salaries for individual cities or States with the auto,... ( 3 ) Directly-paid benefits are primarily pay for a manufacturing worker salaries vary. Subscription is required for full access previous values for - Real wages & amp ; -! Use this feature 0000013883 00000 n track the state of the regulatory environment of working,.

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average manufacturing wage by country