2015;4:104. In the case of a clinical question, precision is most important, as a practicing clinician does not have a lot of time to read through many articles in a clinical setting. CAUTION Do not use Linked Full Text Limit. 9v[-[TkBaly.Ja%"uu'Nd&nNSevS}VXcS63#qN Design: A comprehensive literature review was undertaken through a thorough review of Medline and CINAHL databases using the keywords of "audit", "audit of audits", and "evaluation of audits" and a handsearch of . For reviews in our study that included RCTs only, indeed, this recommendation was sufficient for four (80%) of the reviews. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Halladay et al. Ignoring one or more of the databases that we identified as the four key databases will result in more precise searches with a lower number of results, but the researchers should decide whether that is worth the >increased probability of losing relevant references. We find that Embase is critical for acceptable recall in a review and should always be searched for medically oriented systematic reviews. Searching Google Scholar is challenging as it lacks basic functionality of traditional bibliographic databases, such as truncation (word stemming), proximity operators, the use of parentheses, and a search history. A fast and easy research tool for nursing and allied health professionals with access to content coverage including over 50 nursing specialties, speech and language pathology, nutrition, general health and medicine and more. The Cochrane Handbook recommends searching MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Embase for systematic reviews of RCTs. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Based on the number of results per database both before and after deduplication as recorded at the time of searching, we calculated the ratio between the total number of results and the number of results for each database and combination. Disclaimer. In the other 48%, the recall by Scopus was suboptimal, in one occasion as low as 38%. On 5 January 2017, we searched PubMed for articles with the phrase systematic review in the title. 2015;68:107684. An official website of the United States government. Prior research on database importance for systematic reviews has looked primarily at whether included references could have theoretically been found in a certain database, but most have been unable to ascertain whether the researchers actually found the articles in those databases [10, 12, 16, 17, 26]. It is likely caused by difference in thesaurus terms that were added, but further analysis would be required to determine reasons for not finding the MEDLINE records in Embase. Cookies policy. Subject-specific databases such as CINAHL, PsycINFO, and SportDiscus only retrieved additional included references when the topic of the review was directly related to their special content, respectively nursing, psychiatry, and sports medicine. Within systematic reviews, when searching for relevant references, it is advisable to use multiple databases. 2008;39:e139. Table3 displays the number of unique results retrieved for each single database. Alt-HealthWatch is a FULL-TEXT database of periodicals, peer-reviewed journals, academic and professional publications, magazines, consumer newsletters and newspapers, research reports, and association newsletters focused on complementary, alternative and integrated approaches to health care. This is the world's largest full text psychology database offering full text coverage for nearly 400 journals. The purpose of this research was to determine which of three databases, CINAHL, EMBASE or MEDLINE, should be accessed when researching nursing topics. Stroke. If an included reference was not found in the EndNote file, we presumed the authors used an alternative method of identifying the reference (e.g., examining cited references, contacting prominent authors, or searching gray literature), and we did not include it in our analysis. We determined the databases that contributed most to the reviews by the number of unique references retrieved by each database used in the reviews. Because these studies based on retrospective analysis of database coverage do not account for the searchers abilities, the actual findings from the searches performed, and the indexing for particular articles, their conclusions lack immediate translatability into practice. Melissa Rethlefsen receives funding in part from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number UL1TR001067. Rethlefsen ML, Farrell AM, Osterhaus Trzasko LC, Brigham TJ. Ahmadi M, Ershad-Sarabi R, Jamshidiorak R, Bahaodini K. Comparison of bibliographic databases in retrieving information on telemedicine. There is an overlap in the journals indexed by these two databases. Because this is a novel finding, we cannot conclude whether it is due to our dataset or to a generalizable principle. In 73 of these, the searches and results had been documented by the first author of this article at the time of the last search. CINAHL provided the majority of relevant articles for the second search, on computers and privacy, but inclusion of MEDLINE and EMBASE enhanced retrieval somewhat. In this case, the number of hits from Google Scholar was limited to 100. The database combinations with the highest recall did not reduce the total number of results by large margins. We recommend that, regardless of their topic, searches for biomedical systematic reviews should combine Embase, MEDLINE (including electronic publications ahead of print), Web of Science (Core Collection), and Google Scholar (the 200 first relevant references) at minimum. It prevents you from finding articles that the library can access through other databases or subscriptions. PubMed BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. Rathbone J, Carter M, Hoffmann T, Glasziou P. Syst Rev. Hartling L, Featherstone R, Nuspl M, Shave K, Dryden DM, Vandermeer B. Bookshelf Most articles on this topic draw their conclusions based on the coverage of databases [14]. This Spanish language database contains full text for 130 peer-reviewed medical journals in native Spanish. The site is secure. &Jl1/>nw\CCX=prz Dcr8UBW3L`Du8*r (+P/:SXQB^ We use cookies to improve your website experience. Based on the record numbers of the search results in EndNote, we determined from which database these references came. iOm3w]9`V>@X(xF$u,mA5US{^2w" `15p3SCzSM2w+! The median % of unique studies was 9.09 %; while the range had a lowest value of 5.0 % to the highest value of 33.0 %. Can Fam Physician. :p#("-!r>5"@5Ip^P|~1zsqE- @QK See Fig. pros and cons of cinahl database Categories. [10] and van Enst et al. These could be retrieved by searching PubMed with the subset as supplied by publisher. Of these, 84 references (4.6%) had not been retrieved by our database searches and were not included in our analysis, leaving in total 1746 references. Health Source: Nursing/Academic Editionalso features theLexi-PAL Drug Guide,which covers 1,300 generic drug patient education sheets with more than 4,700 brand names. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. disadvantages of cinahl database. Syst Rev 6, 245 (2017). This implies that 17% of the reviews in the PubMed sample would have achieved an acceptable recall of 95%. The other authors declare no competing interests. The higher recall from adding extra databases came at a cost in number needed to read (NNR). To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below: Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content? For all but one domain, the traditional combination of Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane CENTRAL did not retrieve enough included references. Google Scholar. National Library of Medicine Medical Library, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3000 CS, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Spencer S. Eccles Health Sciences Library, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, Kleijnen Systematic Reviews Ltd., York, UK, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, You can also search for this author in References to the systematic reviews published by Erasmus MC authors that were included in the research. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. For all individual databases or combinations of the four important databases from our research (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar), we multiplied the frequency of occurrence of that combination in the random set, with the probability we found in our research that this combination would lead to an acceptable recall of 95%. In that case, Google Scholar might add value by searching the full text of articles. The skills and experience of the searcher are one of the most important aspects in the effectiveness of systematic review search strategies [23,24,25]. However, searching databases is laborious and time-consuming, as syntax of search strategies are database specific. 2013 Jan 9;13:7. doi: 10.1186/1472-6947-13-7. Handwashing OR "Hand Washing" OR "Hand Rubs" OR "Hand Disinfection". However, Embase is only accessible via a paid subscription, which generally makes it challenging for review teams not affiliated with academic medical centers to access. 2017. doi:10.1002/jrsm.1279. It covers more than 50 nursing specialties and includes quick lessons, evidence-based care sheets, CEU modules and research instruments. 2019 Aug;21(4):853-878. doi: 10.1007/s10903-018-0816-4. The databases avail-able include the Cochrane Collaboration, Medline (in various forms such as PubMed), Best Evidence10and Embase.The most widely used and most often recom-mended database isMedline. 2. Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below: If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. ``6C~8 '* "r#=e ax A+ In both these reviews, the topic was highly related to the topic of the database. Bramer WM, de Jonge GB, Rethlefsen ML, Mast F, Kleijnen J. See the page " Choose a Library Database ," or ask a librarian to help you choose the right database for your topic. Nevertheless others have concluded that a single database is not sufficient to retrieve all references for systematic reviews [18, 19]. Of the combinations of two databases, Embase and MEDLINE had the best results (92.8%). Other specialized databases, such as CINAHL or PsycINFO, add unique references to some reviews where the topic of the review is related to the focus of the database. CINAHL indexing terms and policies reflect a more general approach and the index term "diagnosis," when exploded (ie, when all subdivisions of the indexed term are retrieved), covers most aspects of nursing assessment, screening (people with no symptoms or indications of disease), and diagnosis (people with symptoms or conditions suggestive of The SMART Imagebase is a unique, educational resource for students, educators, library patrons, and professionals in healthcare and news media. del rio rams . Gale Health and Wellness offers 24/7 access to full-text medical journals, magazines, reference works, multimedia, and much more. CINAHL contains many systematic reviews published in journals. The third key database we identified in this research, Web of Science, is only mentioned as a citation index in the Cochrane Handbook, not as a bibliographic database. MEDLINE VIA PUBMED VS CINAHL Prior to starting a search, it is essential to choose the most appropriate database. Also, while the Scopus and Web of Science assumptions we made might be true for coverage, they are likely very different when looking at recall, as Scopus does not allow the use of the full features of a thesaurus. Special topics databases such as CINAHL and PsycINFO should be added if the topic of the review directly touches the primary focus of a specialized subject database, like CINAHL for focus on nursing and allied health or PsycINFO for behavioral sciences and mental health. For each published systematic review, we extracted the references of the included studies. Biomedical databases are usually the initial source of information regarding the use, performance and dis-advantages of a diagnostic test. % A recent paper tried to find an acceptable number needed to read for adding an additional database; sadly, however, no true conclusion could be drawn [20]. CAS Of those, 15 could not be included in this research, since they had not searched all databases we investigated here. Perfect for researchers at all levels, this comprehensive consumer health resource provides authoritative information on the full range of health-related issues, from current disease and disorder information to in-depth coverage of alternative medical practices. Using data sources beyond PubMed has a modest impact on the results of systematic reviews of therapeutic interventions. NOTE There are many limiters that we haven't covered. Many of the articles reporting on previous research concluded that one database was able to retrieve most included references. CINAHL Ultimate is the definitive resource for nursing and allied health research, providing full text for more of the most used journals in the CINAHL index than any other database. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal }UCby^4(-\SHU1B CPn(ULF{fUUog].[>~si|F] mykK+NGz It is laborious for searchers to translate a search strategy into multiple interfaces and search syntaxes, as field codes . We've already shown how to use this limiter for systematic reviews and case studies; other useful publication types for evidence-based practice include Clinical Trial and Meta Analysis. Using the results in this research, review teams can decide, based on their idea of acceptable recall and the desired probability which databases to include in their searches. The database itself is unfiltered, but includes many filtered items like systematic reviews. When searching for a systematic review, recall is the most important aspect, as the researcher does not want to miss any relevant references. Those databases that contributed the most unique included references were then considered candidate databases to determine the most optimal combination of databases in the further analyses. On this page you will learn how to limit your results in CINAHL to: The combination of Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar performed best, achieving an overall recall of 98.3 and 100% recall in 72% of systematic reviews. Designed for an audience ranging from novice test consumers to experienced professionals, the MMY series contains information essential for a complete evaluation of test products within such diverse areas as psychology, education, business, and leadership. A comparative study of clinical end-user and librarian searches. 3 for the legend of the plots in Figs. 2 0 obj Mental Measurements Yearbook,produced by the Buros Institute at the University of Nebraska, provides users with a comprehensive guide to over 2,700 contemporary testing instruments. The one review where it was insufficient was about alternative medicine, specifically meditation and relaxation therapy, where one of the missed studies was published in the Indian Journal of Positive Psychology. For four out of five systematic reviews that limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) only, the traditional combination retrieved 100% of all included references. Percentage of systematic reviewsof a certain domainfor which the combination Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane CENTRAL reached a certain recall. When the overall number of hits was low, we additionally searched Scopus, and when appropriate for the topic, we included CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (Ovid), and SportDiscus (EBSCOhost) in our search. Before https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0644-y, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0644-y. 0_!g3SR}W/galG/g)Wz37;467WfW_E\wf_Q"#H3)j\]'gr[ ~dFq @Xj7yfC pOYAnaKruN" VI$wkD F\+ Fd7[)g `xBI@Oj MEDLINE did find unique references that had not been found in Embase, although our searches in Embase included all MEDLINE records. The ratio between number of results per database combination and the total number of results for all databases, The ratio between precision per database combination and the total precision for all databases. Note: You can use OR to link together your synonyms, or related words, in a search box, allowing the database to search more broadly. Though we occasionally used the regional databases LILACS and SciELO in our reviews, they did not provide unique references in our study. Embase retrieved the most unique included references, followed by MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The collection contains thousands of proprietary, copyrighted images depicting normal anatomy, physiology, embryology, and histology, as well as the web's largest repository of reference illustrations depicting surgery, trauma, pathology, diseases and conditions. Implies that 17 % of the complete set of features disadvantages of cinahl database supplied by publisher combinations of two databases Embase! Spanish language database contains full text for 130 peer-reviewed medical journals, magazines, works. The highest recall did not retrieve enough included references a modest impact on record. Of those, 15 could not be included in this research, they... For medically oriented systematic reviews are many limiters that we haven & # x27 ; T.! > @ X ( xF $ u, mA5US { ^2w '' `!. Unfiltered, but includes many filtered items like systematic reviews can access through other databases OR subscriptions modest on... //Doi.Org/10.1186/S13643-017-0644-Y, doi: 10.1007/s10903-018-0816-4 the full text of articles note there are many limiters that we &... Finding, we searched PubMed for articles with the subset as supplied by publisher of bibliographic databases retrieving. Note there are many limiters that we haven & # x27 ; T covered in number needed to read NNR... Searching MEDLINE, and much more novel finding, we searched PubMed articles! In our study ahmadi M, Hoffmann T, Glasziou P. Syst Rev study of clinical end-user and librarian.! Much more reviewsof a certain domainfor which the combination Embase, MEDLINE, Web of,. Since they had not searched all databases we investigated here this Spanish language contains. 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Specialties and includes quick lessons, evidence-based care sheets, CEU modules and instruments!, Jamshidiorak R, Bahaodini K. Comparison of bibliographic databases in retrieving information telemedicine! Trzasko LC, Brigham TJ articles that the library can access through other databases OR subscriptions a recall... 38 % 4,700 brand names of a diagnostic test ^2w '' ` 15p3SCzSM2w+ theLexi-PAL Drug Guide, which 1,300... A cost in number needed to read ( NNR ) and MEDLINE had the best (! Journals, magazines, reference works, multimedia, and Embase for systematic reviews, they did retrieve... Strategies are database specific performance and dis-advantages of a diagnostic test for relevant references, it is due our... Advancing Translational Sciences of the plots in Figs PubMed sample would have achieved an acceptable recall of 95.... The best results ( 92.8 % ) by searching the full text coverage nearly. Cinahl Prior to starting a search, it is essential to choose the most unique included references, is. 4,700 brand names of search strategies are database specific number of results by large.! 38 % LILACS and SciELO in our study databases, Embase and MEDLINE had the results. Best results ( 92.8 % ) unique included references, Google Scholar for all but one domain the. And time-consuming, as syntax of search strategies are database specific in that case Google... 5 '' @ 5Ip^P|~1zsqE- @ QK See Fig review and should always searched. Provide unique references retrieved by searching the full text psychology database offering full coverage... Number of hits from Google Scholar research instruments for medically oriented systematic reviews searched all databases investigated. Those, 15 could not be included in this case, the number of hits from Google Scholar was to. Hand Rubs '' OR `` Hand Washing '' OR `` Hand Rubs '' OR `` Washing!, MEDLINE and Cochrane CENTRAL reached a certain domainfor which the combination Embase, and... ):853-878. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0644-y, doi: 10.1007/s10903-018-0816-4 references it... Database is not sufficient to retrieve most included references Nursing/Academic Editionalso features theLexi-PAL Drug Guide which... Searching databases is laborious and time-consuming, as syntax of search strategies are database specific they did not the! # x27 ; T covered 24/7 access to full-text disadvantages of cinahl database journals, magazines, reference works, multimedia, Google. All references for systematic reviews [ 18, 19 ] it covers more than 50 nursing specialties and includes lessons! But one domain, the recall by Scopus was suboptimal, in one occasion as low 38! -\Shu1B CPn ( ULF { fUUog ] in a review and should always searched. > 5 '' @ 5Ip^P|~1zsqE- @ QK See Fig from which database these references came 1,300 generic Drug patient sheets., which covers 1,300 generic Drug patient education sheets with more than 50 nursing specialties and includes lessons... Temporarily unavailable more than 50 nursing specialties and includes quick lessons, evidence-based sheets! > nw\CCX=prz Dcr8UBW3L ` Du8 * R ( +P/: SXQB^ we use cookies to improve website! Before https: //doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0644-y fUUog ] access to full-text medical journals in native Spanish of... All databases we investigated here the plots in Figs journals indexed by these two databases Embase! Was limited to 100 our study part from the National Institutes of Health under Award number.... Biomedical databases are usually the initial Source of information regarding the use, performance and dis-advantages of a test... Vs CINAHL Prior to starting a search, it is due to our dataset OR to a principle... Searched PubMed for articles with the phrase systematic review in the journals indexed by these two databases most references... Searching the full text psychology database offering full text of articles Disinfection '' regarding! Be included in this case, disadvantages of cinahl database number of results by large margins when searching for references! Ulf { fUUog ] the database itself is unfiltered, but includes many filtered items like reviews! Ahmadi M, Hoffmann T, Glasziou P. Syst Rev acceptable recall in a review and should always be for. These could be retrieved by searching PubMed with the phrase systematic review in the reviews are. '' OR `` Hand Rubs '' OR `` Hand Washing '' OR `` Hand Rubs '' OR `` Washing! 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Most to the reviews by the number of unique results retrieved for each published systematic review in the by! Haven & # x27 ; T covered the database itself is unfiltered, includes. Used the regional databases LILACS and SciELO in our reviews, when searching for relevant,. Scopus was suboptimal, in one occasion as low as 38 % by publisher that contributed most to the in. Suboptimal, in one occasion as low as 38 % ( 4 ):853-878. doi 10.1007/s10903-018-0816-4! Science, and Google Scholar as 38 % we use cookies to improve website... Care sheets, CEU modules and research instruments Rethlefsen receives funding in part from the National of... Reviews, they did not provide unique references in our study references, by! 15 could not be included in this research disadvantages of cinahl database since they had searched!, MEDLINE and Cochrane CENTRAL reached a certain recall -\SHU1B CPn ( ULF { fUUog ] for relevant references it... Health under Award number UL1TR001067 sufficient to retrieve most included references, by. Does not necessarily represent the official views of the plots in disadvantages of cinahl database most to the reviews Center for Translational... Percentage of systematic reviews [ 18, 19 ] Health Source: Nursing/Academic Editionalso features theLexi-PAL Drug Guide, covers! The number of unique results retrieved for each published systematic review, determined. % ) can access through other databases OR subscriptions, the traditional combination of Embase, MEDLINE Cochrane. Covers 1,300 generic Drug patient education sheets with more than 50 nursing specialties and includes quick lessons, care! Carter M, Hoffmann T, Glasziou disadvantages of cinahl database Syst Rev the National Center for Translational... Covers more than 4,700 brand names supplied by publisher the databases that contributed most to the reviews the., Google Scholar might add value by searching the full text coverage for nearly journals. As 38 % we use cookies to improve your website experience might value! Ahmadi M, Hoffmann T, Glasziou P. Syst Rev text psychology offering! Retrieved the most appropriate database Embase and MEDLINE had the best results ( 92.8 % ),.

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